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How to remove pigmentation at home or in a beauty salon: 7 real ways
Pigmentation is not just a skin defect. Sometimes it appears as a consequence of internal processes. The main task is to understand the cause of the occurrence. Then it will be much easier to get rid of the stains.

The skin darkens due to the accumulation of melanin, a pigment that is located in different layers of the epidermis. Its excess is manifested by freckles, moles and spots of the most bizarre shapes and sizes on different areas of the skin. The more melanin, the darker they are.

Someone has a problem almost from birth. In this case, we are talking about a hereditary predisposition. But many spots appear in different periods of life under the influence of negative factors. We tell you about all the ways to remove pigmentation on the face — you can and should fight the problem.

Why pigmentation appears, 9 reasons
Age. A completely normal physiological process. As a rule, this happens after 45-50 years. Spots appear not only on the face, but also on the hands and neck.
Prolonged exposure to the sun. In this case, under the influence of aggressive ultraviolet rays, the production of melanin is disrupted — a substance responsible for the color of the skin and its shade. It accumulates on narrow areas of the skin, giving them a more intense color.
Heredity.
Lack of vitamins and minerals. As a rule, this is a temporary phenomenon. The spots disappear as soon as the body receives the necessary dose of the right substances.
Side effect of medications. Some antibiotics, with their prolonged use, can cause a violation of the balance of melanin in the skin.
Peeling. This is a kind of mechanical damage to the skin. It is especially necessary to be careful with acid peels, as well as with the procedure in the sunny season. Spots that appear after peeling, most often pass over time themselves.
Diseases of internal organs. The condition of the skin is affected by diseases of the digestive system, liver, endocrine system, gynecological problems.
Neuropsychiatric disorders. They can provoke a change in the hormonal background, and, as a result, the appearance of spots.
Pregnancy. The reason is the "jumps" of hormones, nerves, changes in the work of internal organs. Spots that occur during this period usually resolve themselves within 6-12 months after childbirth.
What to do if pigmented spots appear

There is no universal way to get rid of pigmentation forever. Before choosing a method, you need to establish the reason. Consultation with a dermatologist may not be enough, and then you will need to look to a therapist, gynecologist, gastroenterologist and endocrinologist.

If there are no health problems and pigmentation is cosmetic in nature, a cosmetologist, professional daily care products and pharmacy cosmetics will help to end it.
In the case of the genetic factor, the problem will have to be solved cardinally: only laser resurfacing will help. In case of mechanical damage to the skin, complex therapy is often prescribed, which includes vitamins, diet and cosmetic procedures.
How to remove pigmentation after pregnancy: the spots pass by themselves when the child's gestation comes to a logical conclusion.
Senile pigmentation can only be slowed down, it will not be possible to stop it.
4 ways to start the fight against pigmentation
Reception of vitamin and mineral complexes. Pay attention to those that contain vitamins C, E, D, as well as minerals — zinc, iron, copper, iodine. The one that suits you, can only be picked up by a doctor.
Proper nutrition. To make up for the lack of vitamins, not only medicines will help, but also the right foods: fruits (persimmons, pomegranates, apples, bananas), vegetables (beets, eggplants, cabbage, carrots, pumpkin) and cereals.
Skin care. Be sure to use moisturizers and lotions.
Do not forget about sunscreens with the maximum protection factor. Wear hats and sunglasses.
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Pharmacy products
How to remove pigmentation at home or in a beauty salon: 7 real ways

Pharmacies sell a lot of bleaching agents, but they can only be used as prescribed by a doctor. Such drugs really pe*****te very deep into the skin, this is one of the ways to quickly get rid of pigmentation. But their uncontrolled use can harm the whole body.

What dermatologists recommend
Zinc ointment
Salicylic acid (crushed tablet is mixed with 5 g of the usual cream and applied as a thick mask for 20 minutes)
Calendula tincture (mixed with mineral water in a 1:1 ratio and used as a lotion)
Hydrogen peroxide
Some bleaching ointments may contain mercury. It is effective, but it is prohibited for pregnant, lactating, as well as people with pathologies of the urinary system.

The most controversial among bleaching components is hydroquinone, an antioxidant that reduces the production of melanin. But studies have shown that it is toxic and can cause the growth of cancer cells. It is banned in Russia and Europe.

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Cosmetics against pigmentation

In addition to pharmacy products, there are also care cosmetics that help lighten the skin. They have a different effect, the components do not pe*****te deep into the epidermis. Therefore, they work only in the case of only small spots located close to the surface of the skin.

Zinc — whitens, dries, helps to fight the manifestations of acne. It acts aggressively, so its concentration in the funds is very small. Acids (kojic, ellagic, azelaic) — whiten, reduce the synthesis of melanin.
Vitamin C — blocks the formation of new spots, fights excess melanin. It exists in different forms.
Plant extracts (mulberry, daisy, bearberry, parsley, cucumber and lemon) — whiten and inhibit the synthesis of melanin.
Aloe vera juice and jojoba oil — regulate the melanin production process.
Beta-carotene — fights the accumulation of dark pigment in the skin.
Often whitening cosmetics contain ingredients that accelerate the exfoliation of dead cells and, consequently, skin renewal. This is an effective, working combination. We are talking about salicylic acid, enzymes and antioxidants.

Kojic acid, arbutin, glabridine, azelaic acid can help in the fight against stains.

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Professional procedures
Phototherapy
Light treatment, in addition to combating hyperpigmentation, helps to get rid of vascular defects, removes wrinkles and improves the condition of the skin. The procedure is based on the effect of ultraviolet light of a certain wavelength on the area of pigmented skin.

It is usually necessary to take a course of about 3 months for 2-3 procedures per week. During the procedure, it is necessary to protect the eyes. It should also be remembered that prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation can increase the risk of developing skin cancer.

Laser grinding
The most effective method is to remove pigmentation with a laser. The essence of the technique is the directed effect of laser energy on the upper layer of the skin — the epidermis, after which it is burned out along with the stain. The procedure takes about 15 minutes.

Then there is a recovery period of tissue healing. At this time, it is necessary to avoid exposure to sunlight. The course is selected individually, but usually 2 procedures are enough.

Modern laser systems allow you to remove unwanted pigment comfortably and without pain. The mechanism is based on the point destruction of cells with a high content of pigment, avoiding undesirable damaging effects on surrounding tissues. Usually, getting rid of age spots occurs in several sessions, first they darken, then pale, the cells are exfoliated and replaced with new ones.

Microdermabrasion
This is skin resurfacing: in the process, the top layer of cells is removed and tissue repair is stimulated under the influence of aluminum microcrystals. To get a result, you need to complete a course of 4-10 procedures.

Between sessions, a break for a week is required for tissue repair. If the deep layers of the skin are damaged, post-inflammatory pigmentation may develop.

Chemical or ultrasonic peeling
The essence of the method is to deaden the upper layer of the skin and start the processes of its renewal. With chemical peeling, the upper layer of the skin is exfoliated.

During ultrasonic peeling, special bleaching agents are injected into the epidermis. 5-10 procedures may be needed for the result.

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Home remedies against pigmentation

They are not always effective, but they are available to everyone, are inexpensive and do not harm the skin — they can help remove pigmentation at home.

Citric acid
Dilute 1 tablespoon of lemon juice with 10 tablespoons of water. Use as a lotion 2-3 times a day.
Mix 30 g of yeast with 1 teaspoon of squeezed lemon juice. Let it stand for 5 minutes, and then add 3 tablespoons of milk. Mix well and apply the mask for 15 minutes. The course lasts 1 week, then take a break for 3-4 days and another week of procedures.
Take 1 egg white and 1 tablespoon of lemon juice. Mix and apply for 15 minutes.
Dilute 1 tablespoon of potato starch with lemon juice to a semi-liquid consistency. Apply to the spots and hold for 20 minutes, no more.
Dairy products
The simplest, but effective way to remove pigmentation on the face at home: spread kefir or whey on the face. Wash it off in 15 minutes.
The sour cream mask also whitens the skin perfectly. Mix it with honey (1 tablespoon each) and add 1 teaspoon of lemon. Apply courses: 10 days of application, 10 days of rest, then another 5 days of procedures.
Sour milk. One teaspoon is enough. Add to it the same amount of lemon juice and a tablespoon of oatmeal. Mix and apply strictly to the problem areas for 20 minutes.

Cucumber juice
We take a cucumber, cut it into slices and rub them on the face for 5-7 minutes, several times a day.
To prepare the mask, you need to peel 1 cucumber, grate it on a grater. Next, mix 1 tablespoon of pulp with 1 teaspoon of lemon juice and 0.5 teaspoons of sour cream.
Cucumber, grated on a grater, can be mixed with honey in a ratio of 2:1.
Parsley