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Causes of diabetic foot ulcers
There are many causes of diabetic foot ulcers, so there will be different treatment methods. Diabetic foot ulcers often appear in diabetics with vascular and neurological complications. There may be charcot foot bone deformities in diabetics. These complications are often related to blood sugar control and long-term control of atherosclerotic factors.
Poor blood sugar control and lipid control are closely related to neurological and vascular complications as proven by many studies on people with diabetes.
Favorable factors that can cause damage to diabetic feet include:
Not taking care of foot hygiene.
The habit of walking barefoot can easily trample on foreign objects.
Cutting toenails and cutting skin improperly causes damage to the toes, creating favorable conditions for infection.
Wearing tight, hard shoes can easily rub, causing foot damage.
Improper interventions on the feet such as: applying hot oil, soaking in hot water, using heat-generating devices to relieve pain on diabetic feet.
Factors that also affect wounds, ulcers, and infections in diabetic patients include:
Smoking habit.
Poor blood sugar control.
Overweight and obese.
Condition of reduced resistance and immunity.
Symptoms of diabetic foot ulcers
People with poorly controlled diabetes have complications, symptoms that can appear early such as: numbness in the feet, loss of feeling in the feet, dry feeling like walking on sand, or wearing condoms. nylon, or a feeling of cold feet due to reduced blood flow, sometimes a feeling of heat due to bone inflammation or infection.
Observe for dry, cracked foot skin, hair loss, muscle atrophy, lower leg area and foot tissue. People with diabetic foot lesions may have natural blisters and black necrosis in some locations on the skin of the feet, the tips of the toes, and skin cracks.
Ulcers in the form of abrasions are caused by external diseases such as stepping on foreign objects, rubbing... From the initial wounds, they are then accompanied by combined infection due to many causes such as: poor hygiene, Immunodeficiency, poor blood sugar control.
Wounds can easily spread locally, causing systemic infections and dangerous sepsis.
Symptoms of the wound can be seen as: wound secretions, or foul-smelling, pus fluid, which can spread necrosis to adjacent tissue and far depending on the type of bacteria or the patient's health condition. patient.
Systemic symptoms of diabetic foot wounds such as: fatigue, loss of appetite, high fever, more severe can lead to acute systemic infection, accompanied by symptoms of increased blood sugar.
Patients may have symptoms of existing diseases in the elderly such as high blood pressure, bone and joint pain, and difficulty walking.

Diabetes is a chronic disease that occurs either when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. Insulin is a hormone that regulates blood glucose. Hyperglycaemia, also called raised blood glucose or raised blood sugar, is a common effect of uncontrolled diabetes and over time leads to serious damage to many of the body's systems, especially the nerves and blood vessels.

In 2014, 8.5% of adults aged 18 years and older had diabetes. In 2019, diabetes was the direct cause of 1.5 million deaths and 48% of all deaths due to diabetes occurred before the age of 70 years. Another 460 000 kidney disease deaths were caused by diabetes, and raised blood glucose causes around 20% of cardiovascular deaths (1).

Between 2000 and 2019, there was a 3% increase in age-standardized mortality rates from diabetes. In lower-middle-income countries, the mortality rate due to diabetes increased 13%.

By contrast, the probability of dying from any one of the four main noncommunicable diseases (cardiovascular diseases, cancer, chronic respiratory diseases or diabetes) between the ages of 30 and 70 decreased by 22% globally between 2000 and 2019.
Early diagnosis can be accomplished through relatively inexpensive testing of blood glucose. People with type 1 diabetes need insulin injections for survival.

One of the most important ways to treat diabetes is to keep a healthy lifestyle.

Some people with type 2 diabetes will need to take medicines to help manage their blood sugar levels. These can include insulin injections or other medicines. Some examples include:

metformin
sulfonylureas
sodium-glucose co-transporters type 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors.
Along with medicines to lower blood sugar, people with diabetes often need medications to lower their blood pressure and statins to reduce the risk of complications.

Additional medical care may be needed to treat the effects of diabetes:

foot care to treat ulcers
screening and treatment for kidney disease
eye exams to screen for retinopathy (which causes blindness).

"COMLICATIONS IN THE FEET THAT MAY BE ENCOUNTERED IN DIABETES

PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY and PERIPHERAL ANEMIA are two foot complications that can occur when having diabetes.

Peripheral neuropathy: a condition in which the nerves that supply the limbs are damaged due to high blood sugar. Symptoms include: stinging, burning, pain in the feet...

Peripheral anemia: a condition in which blood circulation is limited due to narrowed arteries, meaning there is a lack of oxygen in parts. The legs and feet are susceptible to peripheral anemia because they are furthest from the heart

To minimize the risk of foot complications when having diabetes, in addition to a suitable diet combined with a regular exercise schedule, you can supplement 1-3 glasses of Glucerna per day. recommendations of the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Diabetes Association (EASD) on nutrition, suitable for people with diabetes."

"3 TESTS TO HELP YOU DETECT DIABETES

If diabetes is detected early, it will be easier to treat and reduce the risk of complications. Below are 3 popular types of diabetes diagnostic tests today:

+ HbA1c test: Measures average blood sugar levels over the past 2-3 months. With this test, you do not need to diet or drink anything else into your body. Diabetic patients with HbA1c index equal to or higher than 6.5%

+ Fasting Blood Glucose (FPG) test is a standard test for diagnosing diabetes. You will not eat or drink anything for 8 hours before the examination. The test is usually performed early in the morning. Diabetic patients have fasting blood sugar levels greater than or equal to 126 mg/dl

+ Glucose tolerance test: (OGTT) The test takes place in 2 hours, checking blood sugar levels 2 hours after drinking 75g of glucose. People have diabetes when the OGTT test level is 200 mg/dL or higher.

If you feel you have signs of diabetes, it is best to immediately consult your doctor to choose the most suitable test for yourself!

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https://globalnation.inquirer.net/229263/ph-still-only-partly-free-in-annual-global-rankings?utm_source=(direct)&utm_medium=gallery

PH still only ‘partly free’ in annual global rankings The Philippines remained a “partly free” country in the annual “Freedom in the World” report of US-based Freedom House, which decried that global freedom declined for the 18th consecutive

MAP: Metro traffic so bad it calls for ‘state of calamity’
The Management Association of the Philippines (MAP) has urged the government to declare a “state of calamity” in Metro Manila in view of its worsening traffic congestion that is currently costing the economy an estimated P3.5 billion a day.

In a statement on Thursday quoting one of its ranking officers, MAP said conditions with this much impact already qualify for such a declaration, one that should be accompanied by “emergency state relief measures.”
The group made the call a day after the chair of its transportation and infrastructure committee, Eduardo Yap, represented MAP in a House hearing that tackled the capital region’s perennial problem.

Wanted: Traffic czar
Yap was invited by the House committee on Metro Manila development to speak on MAP’s holistic plan to address what the business group had earlier characterized as a “traffic crisis.”

“This traffic congestion in Metro Manila has been so severe that an estimated P3.5 billion daily economic loss is being incurred continuously, and therefore more than merits a declaration of a state of calamity,” he said, adding that President Marcos may use emergency powers to provide relief measures.
An Inquirer report on the House hearing and published on March 21 erroneously described Yap as the MAP president.

Conversions, incentives
It also erred on a statement he made that MAP was supposedly supportive of a congressman’s proposal to let electric vehicles use the Edsa bus lanes. The support he spoke of was for the promotion of e-vehicles in general, not for their accommodation in the busway.

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On Thursday, Yap, who had held government posts related to traffic management and urban development, made further clarifications on the matter.

READ: MMDA questions tag on PH capital as worst in traffic

“This busway is unlike high occupancy vehicle lanes where other private vehicles are allowed. To allow EVs (e-vehicles) on the busway will violate globally accepted standards and best practices which are intended to ensure its efficiency as a public conveyance facility,” he said.

But he suggested that public utility buses plying the exclusive Edsa lanes be “progressively converted” to EVs.

MAP: Metro traffic so bad it calls for ‘state of calamity’ The Management Association of the Philippines (MAP) has urged the government to declare a “state of calamity” in Metro Manila in view of its worsening traffic congestion that is currently